Water soluble polymers of diacetone acrylamide



Patented Dec. 29, 1970 acrylic acid, acrylic esters, and acrylonitrile. My new poly- 3,551,384 mers may be expressed in the following manner:

WATER SOLUBLE POLYMERS OF DIACETONE ACRYLAMIDE CH2 Herbert J. Zeh, Jr., Pittsburgh, Pa., assignor to Calgon /OH2OH\ Caron \CH-\ oHron Corporation, Pittsburgh, Pa. 5 l /w\ I j I /y No Drawing. Continuation of application Ser. No. 0:0 CH2 CH2 R3 738,089, June 19, 1968. This application Mar. 16, \39/ e 1970, Ser. No. 18,792 E 01 Int. Cl. C08g /00 U.S. (:1. 260-63 3 Claims 10 E30 CH3 R2 6 ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE CH3 Novel copolymers are disclosed comprising units de- 1 l f y Weight, P x is P and rived from diacetone acrylamide and diallyl dialkyl qua- IS the balance, 1 and 2 being alkyl groups from ternarv ammonium compounds. Carbon atoms and 3 bfiing of the group i ii CNHi, COH This application is a continuation of application SN. or a Salt thereof, 400R; Where R4 is 140 and 738,089, filed June 19, 1968, and now abandoned.

For many uses of my novel polymers, such as flocculat- BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION ing, it is preferred to utilize a readily water-soluble poly- In U.S. Pat. 3,277,056, Coleman discloses a series of mer. Depending on the desired distribution of cationic new compounds referred to as N-3-oxohydrocarbon-subsites to be imparted by the diallyl compound, more or less stituted acrylamides. The simplest compound of the series ionogenic g p y be needed to improve the Solubility has the formula: characteristics of the polymer. For most purposes, I prefer to complete the polymer with acrylamide. Generally 0 CH 0 speaking, acrylamide will combine the advantage of l economy with the ability to generate a high-molecularweight product which is readily water-soluble. My preferred polymer therefore may be described, by weight, as a water-soluble polymer of 5 to 50 percent diacetone acryland is commonly referred to as diacetone acrylamide. amide 5 to 95% dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride,

The series of Compounds are .disclosed to useful to 3 and the balance acrylamide if any additional is needed to form polymers with copolymerizable monomers. A large make 100% number of copolymerizable monomers are contemplated and disclosed in the patent. See columns four and five of U.S. Pat. 3,277,056. Most of the proposed comonomers are polymerizable monovinyl monomers. It will be ob- 4 served that the only mention of divinyl monomers is made with reference to a situation where cross-linking is desired. In column five, for example, it is stated if a still higher degree of rigidity is desired, a monomer mixture may be used in which a small amount of the bifunctional monomer is included such as divinyl benzene which will cross link the polymer.

In U.S. Pat. 3,288,770 Butler discloses a series of watersoluble quaternary ammonium polymers derived from CH H After polymerization, the amide groups of the acrylamide may be hydrolyzed to the acid form and/or a corresponding salt as is known to those skilled in the art.

If hydrolysis is not desired for any reason, a copolymer of diacetone acrylamide (DAAA) and dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride (DMDAAC) is contemplated. Copolymers having 1-60 by weight DAA and 40-99% DMDAAC are within the scope of my invention. Any copolymer of DAA and DMDAAC which is water-soluble is contemplated.

Representative examples of my polymers may be made as illustrated in the following examples:

monomers including two allyl groups. He has demonv EXAMPLE I strated that such di-unsaturated compounds do not cross Terpolymer f acrylamide, dimethyl diallyl ammonium.

link; 3 i g r g g gg g chloride (DMDAAC) and diacetone acrylamide (DAA) mers. cueran omasm a. ave

disclosed that such diallyl quaternary ammonium mono- 7O P' acrylaFmde 20 and 10 gmgDMDAC mers are copolymerizable with acrylamide. The resulting w dlssolved 111 P of 2 The resulting solution copolymers, within the ratios and concentrations disclosed, was now 20% actwe' Sodlum Sa11y1ate and are water soluble gm. of EDTA were added, and the pH was ad usted to Various methods of preparing and polymerizing 3.5. The solution was stirred for one hour, and the pH (1-substituted-2-oxopropyl)] acrylamides are discussed by was agam adlustid to Wlth 50% NaOH- solutlon Iwakura, Toda, and Suzuki in 5 Jour. Polymer Sci. 1599- was heated to 40 and purged for one hour wlth A 1607 (1967) redox catalyst of 0.137 gm. of (NH S was added followed by a solution of 0.14 gm./l. in sodium metabisulfite SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION and 0.009 gm./l. in cupric sulfate. The catalyst solution I have invented a Series f polymers which are water. was pumped into the mixture at a rate of 0.1 ml./min. for soluble, of high molecular weight, and whi h are hi hl 100 min. The reaction was held for /2 hour, then cooled U versatile in end use. They may be cross-linked after formato 25 and the Product was lsolated- :ion. Thely contairlil nielativey higljiE coicentrattionsillor at EXAMPLE 11 east easi y contro e num ers, 0 ca 1on1c si es. y copolymers include at least 1% by weight diacetone acryl- Terpolymer of acrylamlde DMDAAC and DAA amide and at least 1% dialkyl diallyl ammonium com- The composition of the terpolymer by weight was 60% pound. In addition, the balance of my new polymers may acrylamide, 20% DMDAAC, and 20% DAA. 60 gm. comprise acrylamide and/or monomers of the group acrylamide, 20 gm. DMDAAC and 20 gm. DAA were dissolved in 400 gm. of H to make a solution 20% active. 1.5 gm. of sodium salicylate and 0.5 gm. EDTA were added, and the pH adjusted to 3.5 with cone. H 50 and stirred for one hour. The pH was then adjusted to 6.5 with 50% NaOH. The solution was heated to 40 C. and purged for one hour with N The redox catalyst used was a slug of .13 gm. (NH S O followed by a solution that was 0.136 gm./l. of sodium metabisulfite and 0.01 gm./l. of cupric sulfate. The catalyst solution was introduced at a rate of 0.1 ml./min. for 100 min. The reaction was held for /2 hour, cooled and the terpolymer isolated.

EXAMPLE III Terpolymer of acrylamide, DMDAAC and DAA The composition of the terpolymer by weight was: 50% DMDAAC, 40% acrylamide and 10% DAA. 50 gm. DMDAAC, 40 gm. of acrylamide, and 10 gm. of DAA were dissolved in 400 gm. of H 0, resulting in a solution which was 20% active. 1.5 gm. sodium salicylate and 0.5 gm. EDTA were added, and the pH adjusted to 3.5 with conc. H 50 and stirred for one hour. The pH was again adjusted to 6.5 with 50% NaOH. The solution was heated to 40 C. and purged for one hour with N The redox catalyst used was a slug of 0.14 gm. of (NH4)2S203 followed by a solution that was 0.114 .gm./l. in sodium metabisulfite and 0.0097 gm./l. in cupric sulfate. It was pumped in at a rate of 0.1 ml./min. for 100 min. After recovery of the terpolymer, a sample of it was hydrolyzed by the addition of caustic soda sufiicient to hydrolyze the amide groups to the extent of 10 mole percent of DMDAAC, thus obtained a ratio of cationic to anionic sites of 10:1.

EXAMPLE IV Terpolymer of acrylamide, DMDAAC and DAA The composition of the terpolymer by weight was: 50% DMDAAC, 30% acrylamide, and 20% DAA. 50 gm. of DMDAAC, 30 gm. acrylamide and 20 gm. DAA were dissolved in 400 gm. of H 0, resulting in a solution 20% active. 1.5 gm. sodium salicylate and 0.5 gm. EDTA were added, and then pH was adjusted to 3.5 with cone. H 80 followed by stirring for one hour. The pH was again adjusted to 6.5 with 50% NaOH. The solution was heated to 40 C. and purged for one hour with N The redox catalyst was a slug of 0.144 gm. (NHQ S O followed by a solution of 0.106 gm./l. in sodium bisulfite and 0.004 gm./l. in cupric sulfate. The catalyst was pumped in at a rate of 0.1 ml./ min. for 100 min.

A portion of the polymer was hydrolyzed to 10 mole percent based on the amount of DMDAAC.

EXAMPLE V r Copolymer of DMDAAC and DAA The composition of this copolymer was 5 0% DMDAAC and 50% DAA. A 55% solution of DMDAAC was prepared containing 100 gm. DMDAAC. It was heated to 90 C. and purged for one hour with N A separate solution of 100 gm. DAA was prepared in 466 gm. of water, heated to 90 C. and purged for one hour with N Pumping of persulfate catalyst Was begun (5 10 moles catalyst/mole monomer/min.) into DMDAAC. After min., pumping DAA solution was begun and increased to keep the catalyst ratio the same. The reaction was held for one hour, after which the polymer was isolated.

EXAMPLE VI Copolymer of 90% DMDAAC and 10% DAA In this preparation, a 60% active solution of 180 gm. DMDAAC and 20 gm. DAA was prepared, and the pH adjusted to 6.5 with dilute HCl. The solution was heated to 80 C. and purged for one hour with N A catalyst solution of 13.1 gm. (NH S O per 100 ml. H 0 was introduced at a rate of 0.1 ml./ min. for 100 min. Catalyst ratio was 5 10- moles catalyst/mole monomer/min.

4 The reaction was held for /2 hour at 106 C. 166 gm. H O was added to dilute the final polymer solution to 40%.

One gram of hydrazine is needed for each 100 grams of active polymer in order to crosslink 100%.

EXAMPLE VII Copolymer of 95% DMDAAC and 5% DAA A 60% solution was prepared of 190 gm. DMDAAC and 10 gm. DAA, and the pH adjusted to 6.5 with dilute HCl. The solution was heated to C. and purged for one hour with N A catalyst solution of 14.1 gm. of (NH S O per 100 ml. H O was introduced at a rate of 0.1 mL/min. for 100 min. The catalyst ratio was 5 10 moles catalyst/mole monomer/min. based on DMDAAC. The reaction was held for /2 hour at 100 C., 166 gm. of H 0 was added to dilute the sample to 40%. In order to crosslink 100% with hydrazine, 0.5 gm. hydrazine is added per 100 gm. of active polymer.

My polymers may be cross-linked with such materials as formaldehyde and latent formaldehyde donors, hydrazine, diamines, aluminum isopropoxide, and other oxidizing agents, as is known to those skilled in the art.

My new polymers may be used wherever it is desired to form a film or coating. The coating will be electroconductive. The ability to be cross-linked with latent formaldehyde donors, especially renders them useful whenever it is desired to deposit a film in water-soluble form, and thereafter render the film water-insoluble.

I claim:

1. A film forming water-soluble polymer of the formula:

where, by weight, based on the weight of the polymer w is 5 to 50 percent, x is 5 to percent, and y is the balance, R is selected from the group consisting of ll l C-NH JOH and COOR where R is an alkyl group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms or C.= N.

2. Polymer of claim 1 in which R, is

3. A film forming water-soluble copolymer consisting essentially of, by weight, based on the weight of the copolymer 5 to 50 percent diacetone acrylamide and 50 to 95 percent dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,923,701 2/ 1960 Schuller et al 260-855 3,277,056 10/ 1966 Coleman 260-63 3,425,942 2/1969 Coleman 252-515 WILLIAM H. SHORT, Primary Examiner L. L. LEE, Assistant Examiner US. Cl. X.R.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Dated December 29 1970 Patent No. 3 1 ,384

Herbert J Zeh, Jr.

Inventor(s) It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:

Column 2 line 41 (DAA) should read (DAA) obtaining Column 3 line 32 "obtained" should read Signed and sealed this 2nd day of May 1972 (SEAL) Attest:

EDWARD M.FLETCHER,JR. ROBERT GOTTSCHALK Commissioner of Pater Attesting Officer USCOMM'DC 605 FORM PO-OSO (10-69) 

